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Xiao et al. BMC Cancer 2014, 14:677 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/14/RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen AccessFibulin-1 is epigenetically down-regulated and related with bladder cancer recurrenceWei Xiao2, Ji Wang3, Heng Li1, Ding Xia1, Gan Yu1, Weimin Yao1, Yang Yang1, Haibing Xiao1, Bin Lang5, Xin Ma4, Xiaolin Guo1, Wei Guan1, Hua Xu1*, Jihong Liu1, Xu Zhang4 and Zhangqun YeAbstractBackground: Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Fibulin-1, a multi-functional extracellular matrix purchase P144 Peptide protein, has been demonstrated to be involved in many kinds of cancers, while its function in bladder cancer remains unclear. So here we investigated the expression and function of fibulin-1 in Bladder cancer. Methods: We used real-time PCR, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of fibulin-1 in Bladder cancer cells and patient tissues respectively. Methylation-specific PCR and quantitative sequencing were used to examine the methylation status of FBLN1 gene promoter. Eukaryotic expression plasmid and lentiviral vector were used to overexpress fibulin-1 in Bladder cancer cells 5637, HT-1376 to investigate its function in vitro and in vivo. Results: We identified that fibulin-1 was significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer, and its dysregulation was associated with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) grade and recurrence. The promoter region of FBLN1 was generally methylated in bladder cancer cell lines and tissues, further investigation in patient tissues showed that the methylation status was associated with the fibulin-1 expression. Overexpression of fibulin-1 significantly suppressed tumor growth, induced tumor cell apoptosis, decreased cell motility, and inhibited angiogenesis.