Than DHEA (El Kihel, 2012). It was even advised as a drug
Than DHEA (El Kihel, 2012). It was even advisable as a drug stopping Raynaud’s syndrome attacks (Kazih nitkova et al., 2007). 7-Oxo-DHEA may serve as all-natural antiglucocorticoid (Muller et al., 2006), and it might be involved inside the improvement of an efficient immune response (Arsenou et al., 2003; Vecchione et al., 2020). It has been recommended that 7-oxo-DHEA as an antagonist of c-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor (GABAA) exerts a beneficial impact for memory retention in mice. Its antagonizing activity towards GABAA partially eliminated the cholinergic dysfunction in induced amnesia in young mice (Shi et al., 2000). This compound also appears to have added benefits to enhance symptoms of depression, anxiety and strain problems (Sageman et al., 2012). As opposed to DHEA, 7-keto-DHEA has no androgenic activity and it cannot be converted to androgens and oestrogens identified to boost the danger of hormonedependent illnesses. For this reason and because of a causal link involving declining DHEA levels and agerelated loss of cognitive function, 7-oxo-DHEA was suggested as a protected alternative to DHEA supplementation. In some nations, it is commercially readily available and SSTR2 Agonist Molecular Weight applied also as nutritional supplement in sport (Kazihnitkova et al., 2007). As reported within the out there scientific literature, 7-oxoDHEA (1) metabolism in humans is mostly concerned using the reduction of C-17 ketone by 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17b-HSD) generating 3b,17b-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7-one (2) or/and reduction in the ketone at C-7 position by 11b-HSD1 leading towards the formation of epimeric 7b- (mostly) and 7a- alcohols (7a- and 7bhydroxy-DHEA (three)), and their reduction to 3b,7a,17band 3b,7b,17b-triols (3b,7a,17b-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene (4) and 3b,7b,17b-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene (5)) (Nashev et al., 2007). These metabolites are multifunctional compounds implicated inside a broad array of biological processes, primarily attributed to immune system modulation, anti-inflammatory, antiglucocorticoid and neuroprotective actions (El Kihel, 2012; Starka, 2017; Starka et al., 2018). Modifications in the ratio of 7a/7b-hydroxy-DHEA and both isomeric triols had been detected in sufferers with a variety of disorders including vascular and Alzheimer dementia (Starka, 2017). The derivatives of 7-oxo- or 7-hydroxyDHEA with an additional 16a-hydroxy group were isolated from urine of the patient with adrenal carcinoma2021 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley Sons Ltd., Microbial Biotechnology, 14, 2187Microbial transformations of 7-oxo-DHEATable 1. The catalytic activity of fungi towards 7-oxo-DHEA (1) and taxonomy with the applied strains.Time (days) two 3 three 1 four three 3 3 three 3 six three 2 6 six 4 7 Conv. ( ) 100 98 94 90 64 90 90 one hundred 43 92 48 57 90 33 33 10Division BasidiomycotaClass AgaricomycetesOrder Agaricales Gloeophyllales Hymenochaetales PolyporalesFamily Physalacriaceae Gloeophyllaceae Hymenochaetaceae FomitopsidaceaeGenus Armillaria Gloeophyllum Inonotus Piptoporus Laetiporus Poria Trametes Ascosphaera Penicillium SpicariaSpecies A. mellea AM296 G. odoratum AM58 I. radiatus AM70 P. betulinus AM39 L. sulphureus AM498 P. placenta AM36 T. versicolor AM536 A. apis AM496 P. camembertii AM83 S. divaricata AM423 S. fusispora AM136 S. violacea AM439 B. bassiana KCH1065 F. β adrenergic receptor Agonist Source culmorum AM282 F. oxysporum AM21 P. lilacinum AM111 F. amygdali AMMetabolitesa ( ) 2 2 2 4 two two 2 two two 8 two 2 two two 2 2 7 (100) (98) (67); three (30); 5 (18); 6 (81) (80) (one hundred) (43) (79) (48) (39); 7 (90) (25).