Injury across IT or IV exposure routes. Female rats also suffered myocardial infarct expansions following I/R in each C60 P/Q-type calcium channel Antagonist Compound exposed groups compared with infarct sizes in hearts from vehicle groups. Female rats did show substantially larger myocardial MMP-9 Activator Compound infarctions following IT exposure to C60 as compared with IV exposure to C60 . Post-I/R Serum Cytokines The influence of IT or IV exposure to C60 on post-I/R concentrations of serum IL-6, MCP-1, and VEGF from male and female rats is presented in Figure four(N = 3?). IL-6 concentrations were greater in serum-collected post-I/R from male ratsTHOMPSON ET AL.TABLE 1 Physical Characterization of C60 and Vehicle SamplesHydrodynamic diameter (Z-average, nm) PDI and zeta values, imply ?SD As-prepared sample (sample 1) Z-average, nm PVP PVP/C60 34.95 ?1.91 371.three ?1.20 PDI 1.0 0.34 ?0.02 Zeta, mV -1.7 1.78 Sample 1 after 8 min Z-average, nm 34.94 ?1.97 371.3 ?1.two PDI ND ND Zeta, mV three.11 1.78 Z-average, nm ND 369.6 ?3.three Sample 1 just after 38 min PDI ND 0.33 ?0.01 Zeta, mV ND 1.ND, Not determinedferent than any other group (Fig. 4C). Supplementary table 3 consists of IL-6, MCP-1, VEGF, TNF- , eotaxin, and IL-1 data from IV and IT exposed male rats for comparison of No-I/R and Post-I/R responses. In most situations the No-I/R groups demonstrated zero (under detection) to somewhat low concentrations of cytokines 24 h postexposure. Male Rat Coronary Artery Pharmacology Pharmacological response curves generated in coronary artery (LAD) segments isolated from male rats 24 h immediately after exposure to IT and IV administration of C60 or automobile suspensions are shown in Figure five(N = four?). The linked EC50 and Hillslope values are reported in Table 3. LAD isolated from male rats exposed to IT C60 showed vascular smooth muscle pressure (mN/mm2 ) generation curves for 5-HT trending toward (p = 0.06) a leftward shift (i.e., sensitization) compared with all the vehicle group (Fig. 5A). Strain response curves for 5-HT have been not altered in LAD isolated from male rats treated with IV C60 or automobile (Fig. 5B). ACh vascular smooth muscle relaxation responses were not unique in between LAD isolated from male rats exposed to IT C60 and vehicle (Fig. 5C). The LAD from IV C60 exposed males yielded an ACh vascular smooth muscle relaxation response curve with drastically unique best-fit values than the curve generated by LAD isolated from vehicle exposed males, in spite of the all round variability ACh sensitivity (Fig. 5D). As indicated in Table 3, IT vehicle and IT C60 ACh EC50 s from male rats have been drastically greater than these from na�ve males. i The ACh response curve produced by LAD from IV car exposed males was not diverse from ACh responses in LAD isolated from na�ve controls (curves not shown). Vascular smooth i muscle relaxation curves generated by LAD in response to SNP were not distinct between IT exposed males (Fig. 5E) or IV exposed males (Fig. 5F). Curves in the na�ve handle group i were not incorporated in our graphed information so as to simplify presentation. We did include na�ve male EC50 and Hillslope data i in Table 3 in order to supply clarity in data interpretation and for purposes of discussion. Female Rat Coronary Artery Pharmacology Pharmacological response curves generated in coronary artery (LAD) segments isolated from female rats 24 h right after ex-FIG. three. Cardiac I/R injury. Male and female rats have been subjected to regional cardiac I/R (20/120 min) injury in situ, 24 h following intratracheal (IT) or intravenous (IV) delivery of C60.