Protein, fat, fiber and ash contents are inside the ranges of 35 , 1 , 102 and 21.19.3 , respectively [379]. In this study, we found that for S. vulgare in the Mediterranean Coast carbohydrates represented 68 of its DW (Table 1), a value that may be in great agreement together with the data previously reported for any specimen collected from Brazil (67.8 DW) [40] and larger than that reported by Arguelles et al. for any S. vulgare specimen collected in the Philippines (34.18 DW) [39]. The result of this study also showed a comparable carbohydrate content as when compared with levels described by Heo et al. in other species, which include S. fulvellum, S. thunbergia and S. coreanum (62.5 DW, 63.6 DW and 67.2 DW, respectively) [41]. However, reduced total carbohydrate contents have been reported by Vijay et al. in S. ennerimum (23.54 ) and S. wightii (23.50 ), respectively [42]. S. vulgare also showed a reasonably higher dietary fiber content (21.1 DW), which is similar to that reported for a sample collected from Batangas Bay inside the Philippines [39] and higher than one more sample collected in the Red Sea Coast of Jeddah (16.five DW) [43]. The ash content material of S. vulgare collected from the northeast of Algeria was 23.7 DW, falling between the values reported by Marinho-Soriano et al. [40] and Arguelle et al. [39] (19.4 DW and 27.1 DW, respectively) for S. vulgare from Brazil and the Philippines. As expected, low protein and fat contents had been observed in this seaweed species, representing 7.7 and 0.51 DW, respectively. Interestingly, the fat content of this species is considerably low compared together with the ranges that happen to be typically described in brown seaweeds (1 ),Antioxidants 2022, 11,7 ofalthough the values obtained listed here are in close agreement with earlier data reported inside the literature for this species [44,45].Prostatic acid phosphatase/ACPP Protein Purity & Documentation Table 1. Chemical composition with the freeze-dried S. vulgare. Elements Carbohydrate Ash Crude Fiber Protein content material Fat contentData are expressed as means common deviations.Quantity ( DW) 68.0 1.0 23.7 0.1 22.9 1.2 7.70 0.1 0.51 0.3.two. Extraction and Fractionation of Phlorotannins The acetone 70 program was utilized to extract phlorotannins since, generally, this is recognized as the most appropriate solvent for the extraction of phlorotannins from brown seaweeds [27]. The extraction yield of crude extract of S. vulgare represented roughly 27 w/w (Table two), a reduce worth than that obtained by Acevedo Garcia et al. for S. muticum collected from Spain (38.MIF Protein Synonyms three ) [46].PMID:36014399 On the other hand, the total phlorotannin content material (TPhC) of your crude extract was higher than that described by Lopes et al. [47] (7.50 mg/100 g DW) for S. vulgare hydroacetonic extract (1386.5 mg/100 g DW). The exact same study confirmed that S. vulgare contained decrease amounts of phlorotannins than the other species in this household. This variability in TPhC is naturally explained not only by environmental components (e.g., growth situations, harvesting season, and so forth.) but in addition by the methodologies employed to treat the samples [48].Table 2. Extraction mass yield and total phlorotannin content material (TPhC) of S. vulgare crude extract and purified fractions. Sample Crude extract Hex EtOAc AQ Yield ( ) 25.9 0.80 b 10.8 two.57 d six.1 1.11 c 63.0 2.20 a TPhC (mg PGE/g ext) four.7 0.11 b 0.4 0.02 c 9.4 0.03 a 0.8 0.two cYield is expressed as w/w of dry algae (for crude extract) or of crude extract (for purified fractions). PGE–phloroglucinol equivalents; Hex–hexane fraction; EtOAc–ethyl acetate fraction; AQ–aqueous residue. Information expr.